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1793

Years:
1 790 one thousand seven hundred ninety-one 1,792 one thousand seven hundred ninety-three one thousand seven hundred ninety-four 1 795 1796

Decades:
In 1760 one thousand seven hundred seventy 1780 one thousand seven hundred and ninety 1800 one thousand eight hundred and ten 1 820
Centuries:
XVII ^century XVIII ^century XIX ^century
Millennium:
^First Millennium II ^millennium ^Third Millennium

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Chronologies Geographic :
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Thematic timelines :
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Calendars:
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The year 1793 was a year of the Christian era , ^the 2nd to be described as vulgar era.

By decree of 4 Frimaire Year II ( 24 November 1793), the "common era" is abolished for civil use and Order defines September 22, 1792 as the first day of the "era of the French." The first year beginning with Year One, so there is no year 0.

Summary

/ / Events

Africa

The Reunion took its current name.
Exploring Watt and Winterbottom in Guinea and Upper Niger.
Epidemic of plague in North Africa.

America

Main article: 1793 United States.

The debate on languages - session of the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada on January 21 1793

January 27 : Jean Basset present at the National Convention of Paris a statement in favor of a reconquest of Canada.
August 29 : The representative of the National Convention Leger-Felicite Sonthonax proclaims the abolition of slavery in the colony Saint-Domingue under pressure from the insurgency led by Toussaint Louverture and hope to resist the threats of England and of Spain .
November 26 : Proclamation of the Governor of Lower Canada on the security of the province . The Assembly passed a law suspending the Habeas Corpus and de facto all enlisted men 18 to 60 years of Lower Canada in the militia (some exceptions).

Appointment of the Anglican Bishop Jacob Mountain in Canada.
Foundation of the Patriotic Society of Havana.

Asia

Afghanistan : Murder, probably by poisoning, the second padishah , Timur Shah Durrani. Zaman Shah Durrani was succeeded on the throne.
Burma : King Bodawpaya tears the Tenasserim to Thailand.
China : British Attempts to establish diplomatic relations.
India : An Act prohibiting British Indian higher wages to 800 rupees.
The British East India Company claims the New Guinea on behalf of Britain.

Europe

Austria : Thugut , head of foreign policy, would rather lose the royal family imprisoned in the Temple rather than dealing with the Convention. The execution of Louis XVI on January 21 allows the Count Colloredo Wallsee , Senior Minister, leading the aristocratic reaction. Francis II declared himself an enemy of the Enlightenment and into the arms of the reaction.
January 23 : Second partition of Poland, endorsed by a convention between Prussia and Russia
January 28 : Russia broke with France after the execution of Louis XVI. Catherine II of Russia recognizes the Comte de Provence as regent of France. All French people residing in Russia must take an oath of adherence to the principles of the Revolution.
February ¹ : France declares war on Britain and the United Provinces ; beginning of the first coalition : Britain , Austria , Prussia , Russia , Spain , Piedmont-Sardinia , the Two Sicilies. Dumouriez manages to impose its plan of attack in Holland.
March 7 : The France declares war on Spain (War of the Pyrenees).
- Manuel Godoy , "El choricero" stand in the Pyrenees to the revolutionary advance (1793 - 1795 ). Generals Caro and Ricardos seize Port-Vendres , of Collioure and Hendaye. But despite the value of the Count de La Unin , they will not resist the French advance.
March 14 : Treaty of Alliance and subsidies between Russia and Great Britain.
March 17 : Annexation of Belgium and the Rhineland by France, creating the republic of Mainz. On motion by Georg Forster , president of the Jacobin Club Mainz.
April 14 : Beginning of the siege of Mainz.
March 18 : French defeat of Dumouriez the battle Neerwinden.
March 23 : French Annexation of Basel.
March 25 : Russia joined the first coalition.
March 27 : French defeat of Dumouriez at Louvain.
April 5 : Charles Francis Dumouriez , the winner of the battle of Valmy , password and betrays the allies and the French Republic.
May 19 : Spanish victory over France at the Battle of Mas Deu.
May 23 : French defeat at the Battle of Famars.
June 9 : Battle of Arlon.
July 23 : The French lost Mainz. (See also: History of Mainz + Headquarters Mainz (1793) )
In July, Taking Conde and Valenciennes by the Austrians.
September 8 : French victory at Hondschoote.
September 13 : Battle of Mribel
September 22 : Battle of Trouillas.
15 - 16 October : Battle of Wattignies.
28 - 30 November : Battle of Kaiserslautern
December 22 : Battle of Woerth
December 27 : Battle of Geisberg

Official return of the Jesuits in Parma (Italy)
Increased repression of radical movements in Britain.
Uprisings in Scotland (1 793 - one thousand seven hundred ninety-four ) brutally repressed. Jacobin Convention Scottish Edinburgh (1793 - 1794 ).

Poland

The Prussia , expressing solidarity with the Russian Federation , held at the beginning of the year the Polish Western.

Second partition

January 23 : Second partition of Poland. The sharing agreement of Poland was signed in St. Petersburg between Russia ( Ukraine , Podolia , Volhynia and eastern Lithuania , be 250 000 km ) and Prussia ( Danzig , Thorn and Great Poland to Poznan , is 57 000 km ).
The Diet met in Grodno to ratify the agreement, which is made in August after a token resistance. The Russia abolishes the Polish Constitution of May 3, 1791 and restores the Permanent Council, an agency of central government. Poland became a protectorate of Russia, whose ambassador to the Permanent Council seat.
Poland loses an area of 307,000 sq km, inhabited by about three million inhabitants. It is no longer a buffer state of 212 000 sq km and four million people.
The establishment and destruction of the Constitution of 3 May, Kotaj Hugo , exiled in Paris, calling for "a war of people against the tyrants."

France

Main article: 1793 in France.

January 21 : Execution of Louis XVI , guillotined.
March 11 : Massacre Machecoul. Start of Vende wars.
June 2 : Beginning of the Montagnard Convention (ending 27 July 1794 ).
June : Start of federalist insurrection.
Decree abolishing slavery in the August 29, 1793.
September 15 : Removing universities.
October 16 : Execution of Marie Antoinette.

Art and culture

November 14 : The Death of Marat by David , is offered to the Convention

Main articles: 1793 to the theater , 1793 in literature , classical music in 1793 and 1793 in architecture.

The painter John Flaxman illustrated editions of the Iliad and the Odyssey of Homer inspired vases of Greek antiquity.

Science and technology

Main article: 1793 in science.

January 9 : The French Jean-Pierre Blanchard flew in a balloon between Philadelphia and Woodbury , New Jersey.
May 29 : Report to the Academy of Sciences on the system of weights and measures ( Borda , Lagrange , Monge ).
July 3 : The naturalist Louis Jean Marie Daubenton became director of the Natural History Museum.
August ¹ : Adoption of the metric system.
For the U.S. , Eli Whitney invented the gin cotton.
Lamarck obtain a university chair of "insects, worms and microscopic animals" at the National Museum of Natural History , which has been created by the Convention.
Claude Chappe successfully installs his telegraph optical signals at the top of the hill Menilmontant and that of Saint Martin du Tertre, a distance of 35 km.

Economy and Society

Institution in Russia of a military service limited to 25 years (before the service was lifelong soldier).
Great Britain: The deficit of state budget reached 243 million. The Royal Navy has 600 ships and 70,000 sailors.