British Crown
Crown is a term that separates the authority of the royal government and the person of the reigning monarch. This separation principle applies as in all the kingdoms and territories of the Commonwealth , where the crown is then represented by a governor.
According to this constitutional principle, there are personal property of the Chief of the Property and whose office is staffed. For example, the official residence of the British Monarchy , the Buckingham Palace , belongs to the Crown, while Sandringham House , Windsor family home is the private property of Queen Elizabeth II.
The ruler of the United Kingdom is designated by the law of succession in the kingdom and the Crown property passes to the heir. Personal property is devised by the sovereign will of the deceased.
Summary |
We must distinguish the Commonwealth realms , of which the monarch is the same person (ie personal union ) that the British monarch. In each realm, there is a separate crown: British Crown, the Canadian Crown, Crown Australian, etc..
The powers of the British Crown
The powers of the Crown are the state authority can be exercised by the ministers of the Crown (that is, the government) without prior parliamentary approval, including:
- the State Constitution, which is the monarch of the Crown Head of State , shall be signed by the Crown who is a guarantor;
- Prime Minister and ministers of state government are appointed by the Crown;
- Crown has no direct authority over the state parliament that passes laws proposed by the government;
- Crown is represented in the State by a Governor General (appointed by it in every state except the United Kingdom where the monarch performs this function directly), which approves and promulgates (on behalf of the Crown) the laws passed by Parliament State in accordance with its Constitution;
- international treaties signed by the State are ratified by the Head of State, that is to say by the monarch of the Crown or its representative, after approval by the State Legislature in accordance with its Constitution.
- a declaration of a state of war is made by the Crown;
- honors and titles of nobility are granted by the Crown;
- the bishops of the Church of England are appointed by the Crown.
Moreover, justice is exercised on behalf of the Crown.
States of the British Crown
This principle is symbolic territories the British monarch (currently Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom ) is the sovereign possessions or dependencies of the British Crown:
- The United Kingdom , formally the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland-du-Nord (independent and sovereign state, which the British monarch is the Head of State):
- England , formally the Kingdom of England;
- Scotland , formally the Kingdom of Scotland;
- Wales , officially the Principality of Wales (the title is conferred on the heir to the throne);
- Northern Ireland , by dismemberment of the former Kingdom of Ireland in 1922.
- The British territories overseas (non-independent states, formally outside the United Kingdom but whose sovereignty is exercised by the United Kingdom).
- The Crown Dependencies (without the status of monarchy , independent and sovereign States, which the British monarch is head of state but still lack legal personality, freely associated states in the United Kingdom, which still represents internationally legally)
- Isle of Man , formally the Lordship of Mann;
- Guernsey , formally the Bailiwick of Guernsey consists of: the island of Guernsey and its dependencies, the island and the States of Alderney , the island and the lordship of Sark , the island of Herm , among others;
- Jersey , the Bailiwick of Jersey formally consists of: the island of Jersey and its dependencies.
The latter two states are in fact the only remnant in the sense of feudal law , the former Duchy of Normandy prior to 1204. The British monarch (king or queen) there is, in some cases, the title " Duke of Normandy. "
See also
- (En) British Monarchy
- (En) Canadian Monarchy
- (En) Monarchs of Great Britain
- (En) Order of succession to the British throne
- (En) Royal Donation in Belgium , a similar legal status.
- The Crown
- (In) Commonwealth Realm
- (In) Crown dependency
- (In) Line of Succession to the British Throne
- List of British monarchs
- (In) Succession to the British Throne
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