The ^fifth century begins on January ¹ 401 and ends on 31 December 500.

America

• Start the Culture Marajoara on the island of Marajo , at the mouth of the Amazon : this is one of the most powerful ancient principalities of the Amazon (400-1300).
• Ancestor worship, organized around the heads of mummies in the Amazon; anthropomorphic funerary urns.

Saharan Africa

• First cities in SSA ( Jenne-Djenno ). Djenn-Djenno is then a regional trading center, a major iron ore and stone grinding wheel and the exporting of food (fish and cereals) to the new cities on the fringes of the desert.
• Around ^the fifth or ^sixth century , a population beating the iron moves between the Zambezi and Limpopo. These miners in northern Rhodesia would, perhaps in the region of Meroe and the southern kingdom of Aksum. They exploit gold, copper and tin. Had up to now about 60,000 mines in this region. This civilization is the ancestor of that of Zimbabwe , who will make a great extension from the ^tenth century.
• Village Broederstroom , west of Pretoria in South Africa.

Central Asia

• Turkish Tujue (T'u-kiue) in the Altai.
• Constitution of the Avar Empire ( Ruanruan or Jouan Jouan) of Korea to the Irtysh.

East Asia

• Peak of the kingdom of Goguryeo ( Korea ) under the reign of Wang Kwanggaet'o the Great and his son Wang Changsu.
• Royal Tombs of Silla and Goguryeo in Korea.
• Kingdom of Yamato in Japan. The clan Yamato dominates the region of Nara in central Honshu and radiates to the south and to the shores of the Sea of Japan.
• The Japan enters the age history with the introduction of writing came from China and the first elements of civilization through the Korea. The original division into numerous principalities gradually reduced in favor of the power of the Emperors (Tenno) of divine origin (c. 520 ).
• According to tradition, the Brahmin Kaundiya arrives at Funan (South Vietnam ). After submitting an arc through the magical daughter of a king snake ( naga ), he marries her and is elected as king by the people. He changed the laws as prescribed in India.
• Birth of the pagoda from Chinese Buddhist stupas of Central Asia shaped towers (evolution observed in the decoration of the Yungang Grottoes ).

Southeast Asia

• The state experienced by Chinese sources as the Funan where Saivism is the state religion, leads an expansionist policy towards the interior, before falling in the middle of the ^sixth century under the hegemony of the Consolidated vassal state of the-Zhen (Chen and La).
• Emergence of political entities in the west of the archipelago of Indonesia : the maritime states traders coasts and estuaries of Sumatra , northern Java ( Tarumanagara ) of Borneo ( Kutai ) and Sulawesi. Adoption of cultural models ( Pallava writing , language Sanskrit , Buddhism , Hinduism ) and Indian politicians.
• The Chinese Buddhist pilgrim Faxian (Fa Hien) visits the Sunda Islands in the early ^fifth century.

• King Gunavarman dedicated a temple to Vishnu in Thap Muoi , in the Plain of Reeds, in Vietnam today. The worship of Vishnu is evidenced by entries in West Java , where the footprints of the king of Taruma Purnavarman are compared to the god of Hindu. In Malaysia , an inscription discovered in the region of Kedah in 1834 dated to the mid-century reveals the influence of Buddhism. In Myanmar , the excavation site Shrikshetra , south of Prome , yielded fragments of the barrel Pali engraved gold leaf dated to 500. Buddhism thrives in Mon to Hamsavati and Suddamavati low Burma ^the fifth and ^sixth centuries India
  • First migration of Roma from northern India. They speak a dialect of Hindi Indo-European.
  • Drafting of the Sanskrit epic poem the Ramayana (with texts dating back to IV ^centuryBC. , attributed to Valmiki ), recounting the adventures of Rama , seeking his wife Sita abducted by the ten-headed demon Ravana, king of Lanka. It triggers a terrible war against him with the help of monkeys led by their general Hanuman and all animals.
  • Life of the thinker Bhartrhari (en).
  • Tolkappiyam , Treaty of Tamil grammar.

  Oceania

  The Polynesians reached Tahiti and the Society Islands , the Easter Island and the Islands Hawaii.

  Western Europe

  

  

  Routes used by the columns of invaders during the second phase of the Great Invasions , ^the fourth century ⁱⁿ the fifth century.
  Associated timelines: I - II.
  • Glacial maximum demonstrated by the bog Glacier Fernau (Tyrol), between 400 and 750.
  • Declining population in the West between the Roman ^third century and the end ^of the fifth century.
  • 395 : There are now two Roman Empires ; confirmation 410 : during the sack of Rome , Constantinople is irrelevant.
  • The Visigoths are moving into Gaul south ( 410 - 415 ).
  • For the first time in Gaul, a Marian shrine stands on the banks of the Garonne , Saint-Marie Toulouse (capital of the Visigoths ). The church was then called The bream as it was covered with mosaics on a gold background depicting scenes from the Old and New Testament. Decagonal shape and decorated with mosaics, the original building construction reminded of Rome , of Ravenna and the Orient.
  • The alchemists began to investigate the philosopher's stone.
  • Druidic tradition tends to disappear in Gaul before the Gallo-Roman culture and Christianity.
  • Financial meltdown in the Western Empire.
  • Days of " great migration "(400-600) or ancient Germanic Iron Age. The great Germanic migration flows earn a significant part of continental Europe, west and south. Perhaps the main departure areas are Scandinavia, suggests that place names ( Goths , Vandals , Swabians , Burgundians ). Germanic elements based in northern Germany and Denmark ( Angles , Jutes and Saxons ) migrate to the British Isles between ^III and VII ^century.
  • The UK is gradually invaded by the Picts , the Gaels , the Angles and Saxons. The Anglo-Saxons founded seven kingdoms ( Heptarchy ) in Great Britain from the ^fifth to the ^eleventh century : Essex ( ^VI ), East Anglia ( ^VI ), Kent ^(fifth), Mercia (late ^sixth ), Northumbria ^(fifth), Sussex , Wessex (late ^fifth).
  • The Scots emigrated from Ireland to the north-west of Scotland and founded the kingdom of Dal Riada (Argyll).
  • The Ireland is divided into seven kingdoms under the auspices of a supreme king authority theory ( Ard ri renn ).
  • Scandinavia: Building cities or fortresses shelters (tilflugtsborg) in the islands of Gotland , Oland and Bornholm , perhaps the origin of a new political and social organization around a basic territorial unit occupied by a single clan or ethnicity (bygd).
  • Archaeology has been a considerable scarcity of finds in Denmark at the end of the Iron Age and the beginning of the great migrations. Scandinavian Peninsula and especially Sweden seems to have been rich at the same time, and considerable treasures have been discovered, such as Tureholm (gold Roman or Byzantine, solid gold necklace, lockets, brooches and bracteates). The burial of these resources may reflect the insecurity of the time. Moreover fortresses were built or re-occupied the coasts and islands of the Baltic, one can not determine the nature of the danger that motivated their construction.
  • Burial mounds of Old Uppsala in Sweden , probably the first burials of heads kingdoms.
  • Pagan cemetery Lidholm Hoje ( Denmark ), used 400 to 1000, containing hundreds of the cremation graves in pens shaped stone of boat.
  • Runic inscriptions on the golden horns of Gallehus , probably from South Jutland.
  • Appearance of ornamental style animal in Scandinavia. First rock carvings on the island of Gotland. This art flourish in the ^eighth century.

  Eastern Europe

  • Publication 438 of the Code of Theodosius , which brings together all the imperial laws enacted since Constantine ^I the Great.
  • Tribes Slavs Western ( Polans , Vislanes , Slzanes , Pomeranians , Mazovian ) settled east of the Oder , between Baltic and the Carpathians (The Polans around Gniezno , the Vislanes around Krakow ). Slavic migration northward push the Baltic peoples.
  • Tarragona historian Paul Orosius mentions Vislanes east of Moravia. The region is rich in iron ore and has an important junction on the way to the Dniester , Kiev and the Black Sea.
  • Appearance of archaic Slavic culture Korchak on the slopes of the Carpathians East, along the Pripyat until Dnieper average ^(fifth - ^seventh centuries).

  Significant Figures

  • Clovis ^I ( 466 - 511 ), king of the Franks,
  • Attila , leader of the Huns from 434 to 453 ,
  • Theodoric the Great (ca 455 - 526 ), king of the Ostrogoths
  • Alaric ^I (370-410), king of the Visigoths who sacked Rome
  • Martianus Capella , the cause of liberal arts ,
  • Cyril of Alexandria ( 376 - 444 ), bishop of Alexandria, Doctor of the Church
  • Saint John Chrysostom (between 344 and 354 , 407 ), Archbishop of Constantinople, the father of the Church
  • Saint Augustine of Hippo ( 354 - 430 ), Bishop of Hippo, philosopher , theologian ,
  • St. Patrick ( 389 - 461 ), evangelist of Ireland
  • Saint Remi of Reims ( 437 -532), bishop of Reims ,
  • Saint John Cassian (born between 350 and 360 , died between 433 and 458 ), saint of the Orthodox Church, monasticism theorist,
  • Bodhidharma , founder of Zen Buddhism.

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  References

  1. History of the World, a collective headed by George Jehel, edition of Time p.116
  • Portal History
  • Portal of the ancient world
  • Portal of the High Middle Ages

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