Official Language
An official language is a language that is specifically designated as such in the Constitution or the texts of law of a country, a State or any organization.
It applies to all official services of the state (government bodies, administrations, courts, public records, administrative documents, etc. ..) and all private institutions that address the public.
Summary |
Half the countries of the world have an official language.
Some of them recognize only one official language, in the case of France and of Albania.
Some countries have multiple official languages, such as Finland , the Swiss , the Canada , the Luxembourg , the Belgian or Afghanistan.
In several countries, like Italy , the Philippines , the Spain , the Netherlands or Iraq , there is an official language for the country, but other languages are co-official in some regions.
Some countries like the United States , have no official language, but there are official languages in some of the States that compose them.
Finally, some countries have one (or more rarely several) language in practice (de facto), but that is not provided in their Constitution: Mexico , the Belize , the Bolivia , the Chilean , the Ethiopia , the Eritrea , the Gambia , the Guinea-Bissau , the Tanzania , the island Mauritius , the Sweden , the United Kingdom or the Vatican.
History
France
In France, the French became an official language by order of King Francis I to replace Latin as the language of courts and embassies, not to replace the regional languages.
In England
The French language remained there until the end of the sixteenth century.
Report of the language with other languages Home
The existence of only one official language does not imply that it is the only language, nor is it one of the most spoken mother tongues. Thus in some countries of Africa and the Philippines , the official languages of instruction ( French or English ) inherited from colonialism , are not national languages or the most widely spoken.
Similarly, in Arab countries , the official language is the written Arabic as mother tongue is Arabic dialect (language after Arabic but as different evolved locally) or even a vastly different language ( Tamazight , Kurdish ). Another example is the Republic of Ireland adopted Gaelic as the official national language, while it is actually spoken by a small proportion of the population, while having a legal status language school (English), is the language spoken by the majority. Finally, in Indonesia , most people speak, in addition to the national language of Indonesia , who is from Malaysia , a regional language , mother tongue for more than half of Indonesians.
Languages International
UN
Some international organizations also have official and / or working languages. Thus the UN has set up six official languages - Arabic , English , Mandarin , Spanish , French , Russian - who are the languages most widely understood in the world , even in areas where we do not speak spontaneously, and all its work and discussions are transcribed in the six official languages.
European Union
The European Union represents a very interesting case because by nature she does not favor the language of any state , and therefore recognizes the national languages of each Member State as being both all official languages and working languages. However, English, French and German are, in practice, the most common languages in EU institutions, the English occupying today by far the forefront.
See also
- Francization
- Language of culture
- List of official languages
- National language
- Regional language
- Ordinance of Villers-Cotterets
- Languages in Switzerland
External Links
For Canada and Quebec
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