Rhine Westphalia
51 28 '42 "N 7 33' 18" E / 51.4783, 7555
| Nordrhein-Westfalen (North Rhine-Westphalia - Westphalia) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||
 Location of North Rhine-Westphalia (dark green) within Germany | |||||
| Administration | |||||
| Country |  Germany | ||||
| Capital | Dsseldorf | ||||
| Minister-President | Hannelore Kraft ( SPD ) | ||||
| Party (or parties) | SPD - A90/Verts | ||||
| Diet : CDU : SPD : FDP : A90/Verts : Die Linke : Total: | 67 67 13 23 11 181 | ||||
| Number of votes in the Bundesrat | 6 | ||||
| Statistical data | |||||
| Area | 34 085.27 km ( 4th ) | ||||
| Population (31/12/06) | 18,028,745 inhab. ( 1 ) | ||||
| Density | 528.93 inhabitants / km ( 4th ) | ||||
| GDP (2006) | 501.707 billion ( 1 ) | ||||
| GDP per capita. | 27 800 ( 6 th ) | ||||
| Other information | |||||
| ISO 3166-2 | DE-NW | ||||
| Official site | nrw.de | ||||
The North Rhine-Westphalia - Westphalia (in German or (old) of North Rhine - Westphalia is a Land ( state ) in western Germany. This is the most populous German state with the strongest economic power, partly thanks to the Ruhr. The North Rhine-Westphalia - Westphalia is home to over 23% of the German population (18 million) and contributes about 22% of gross domestic product of Germany. But its economic weight beyond the borders of Germany , it ranks as the leading regions of Europe being 1st in terms of GDP PPP Geography The North Rhine-Westphalia - Westphalia borders with Belgium and west of the Netherlands to the west and north-west and other German Lnder, Lower Saxony to the north, Rhineland-Palatinate in Southwest and Hesse to the south-east. The Land comprises the northern part of the valley of the Rhine , the former federal capital Bonn to Cleves near the border with the Netherlands. This is where lies the region's industrial Ruhr. The eastern part of the Land is the former province of Westphalia. The North Rhine-Westphalia North is a region synonymous with industrial and urban. But the bulk of the Land is agricultural (approximately 52%) or forested (25%). The southern parts of the Teutoburg Forest are located in the northeast. South-west, North Rhine-Westphalia shares a small part of the Eifel , with Belgium and the Rhineland-Palatinate. The southeast is occupied by sparsely populated highlands of Sauerland and Siegerland. Regions of the northwest part of the Land of the great North German plain. The main rivers that cross the Rhine-Westphalia are the Rhine , the Ruhr , the Ems , the Lippe and Weser. The Pader , which runs only through the city of Paderborn is considered the shortest river in Germany. The Province has 30 cities with over 100,000 inhabitants (June 30, 2003): The Land is divided into 5 districts (Regierungsbezirke) Arnsberg, Cologne, Detmold, Dsseldorf and Mnster. The district chairman (Regierungsprsident) is appointed by the state government. At the municipal level are the 2 provinces (Landschaftsverbnde) of Rhineland and Westphalia-Lippe. The first includes the districts of Cologne and Dsseldorf, and the second district of Arnsberg, Detmold and Mnster. Provincial assemblies (Landschaftsversammlungen) are elected by councils of rural districts and city districts. Reform unifying functions of provinces and districts in forming the three districts of North Rhine, Ruhr and Westphalia is projected for the year 2012. Since the reform of municipal territories of the years 1967 to 1974, there are 31 rural districts (Kreise) comprising 373 communes (Gemeinden) including 267 cities (Stdte), and 23 city districts (Kreisfreie Stdte). The 5 districts (or administrative regions) of North Rhine-Westphalia, belonging to 2 Landschaftsverbnde : At the Congress of Vienna , the Prussian covered the duchies of Cleves and Geldern , the Principality of Minden and the counties of Mark and Ravensberg she possessed before the Peace of Luneville and the former bishopric of Paderborn and the southern part of former Bishop of Munster in 1803 she had received. The territory was added to the western part of the former bishopric of Munster, former duchies of Berg and Westphalia and territories on the left bank of the Rhine north of the Nahe. She formed the three provinces of Jlich-Cleves-Berg , Grand Duchy of the Lower Rhine (Niederrhein Grossherzogtum) and Westphalia , the first two were united in the Rhine Province (Rheinprovinz) in 1822. In 1945, the province of Westphalia and the northern province of Rhineland with districts of Aix-la-Chapelle , Cologne and Dusseldorf were occupied by the United Kingdom. The southern part of Rhineland it was under French occupation. On 23 August 1946 , the British administration consolidated the Westphalia and Rhineland as part of the Land of North Rhine-Westphalia. A Diet was appointed interim Oct. 2 and renewed the 19 December 1946 after the first municipal elections. On 21 January 1947 , former Free State of Lippe it was attached. The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU) won the first elections to the Landtag of 20 April 1947 and formed a coalition with the SPD , the Zentrum until 7 February 1948 the Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands. The constitution was adopted by referendum on 18 June 1950 and came into force on 11 July 1950. Because of the importance of the Catholic population of the state and with the support of the Church, the CDU remained in power until 1966. That year and for the first time the Catholic Church does not support the CDU. The SPD won a relative majority and ruled in coalition with the Liberal Democratic Party (FDP). Therefore, the North Rhine-Westphalia has become a stronghold of the SPD. The German Socialist Party remained in effect in power until 2005. However, since the 1990's , results in different elections marked a gradual decline of the SPD in particular because of the dwindling number of unionized workers who represented the party's traditional voters. Thus, during the 2005 elections, the SPD was defeated by the CDU, which is allied with the FDP. For the first time since 1966, the SPD is no longer in power in North Rhine-Westphalia. At subsequent elections in May 2010, the CDU back to ten per cent to compete with the SPD to 34% who underwent further erosion, the two parties winning 67 seats each in the regional parliament. The ballot is marked by a strong environmentalist (+ 11 seats) and the entry into parliament of the leftist party Die Linke with 11 seats and 5.6% of the votes . 1946 - 1947: Rudolf Amelunxen ( Zentrum ) The Land is home to many industrial companies (37 of the 100 largest German companies are located there ) which for example Ford in Cologne, Opel in Bochum, Musketier in Oberhausen, Bayer in Leverkusen and Wuppertal , Henkel , Dr. Oetker (Ancel ) in Bielefeld, ThyssenKrupp , making it the largest economy of Germany. The unemployment rate of 11.0% (end-December 2006) is the average German. 
Major cities
Other cities of interest
Administrative Subdivision
Districts (Regierungsbezirke)
Districts (Landkreis) Cities and districts (Kreisfreie Stdte)
History
The Congress of Vienna
After WWII
List of Prime Ministers
1947 - 1956: Karl Arnold ( CDU )
1956 - 1958: Fritz Steinhoff ( SPD )
1958 - 1966: Franz Meyers ( CDU )
1966 - 1978: Heinz Khn ( SPD )
1978 - 1998: Johannes Rau ( SPD )
1998 - 2002: Wolfgang Clement ( SPD )
2002 - 2005: Peer Steinbrck ( SPD )
2005 - 2010: Jrgen Rttgers ( CDU ))
2010 -: Hannelore Kraft ( SPD ) Economy
References
See also
Related article
External Links
Cities boroughs
(Kreisfreie Stdte) Aix-la-Chapelle (Aachen) | Bielefeld | Bochum | Bonn | Bottrop | Cologne (Kln) | Dortmund | Duisburg (Duisburg) | Dsseldorf | Essen | Gelsenkirchen | Hagen | Hamm | Herne | Krefeld | Leverkusen | Mnchengladbach | Mlheim an der Ruhr | Mnster | Oberhausen | Remscheid | Solingen | Wuppertal 
Districts
(Landkreis) Aix-la-Chapelle (Aachen Kreis) | Borken | Kleve (Kleve) | Coesfeld | Dren | Ennepe-Ruhr | Euskirchen | Gtersloh | Top-Berg | Upper Sauerland | Heinsberg | Herford | Hxter | Lippe | Mark (Mrkischer Kreis) | Mettmann | Minden-Lbbecke | Olpe | a href = "Arrondissement_de_Paderborn" title = "District of Paderborn"> Paderborn | Recklinghausen | Rhine-Berg | Erft Rhine | Rhine Neuss | Rhein-Sieg | Siegen-Wittgenstein | Soest | Steinfurt | Unna | Viersen | Warendorf | Wesel
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