Scottish Gaelic
The Scottish or Scottish Gaelic (Gidhlig called to compare with the spoken Ireland ) is a Gaelic ( Celtic ) spoken in Scotland in the Highlands , in the Hebrides , as well as some communities in Nova Scotia , especially in ' Island of Cape Breton ). The forced eviction of Scottish farmers by large landowners in the nineteenth century explains that the language had spread to Canada , where she fell ( Canadian Gaelic ).
It is recognized by the United Kingdom as a regional language of Scotland as the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages , and since an Act of the Scottish Parliament voted on 21 April 2005 is an official language of Scotland (with ' English ). It is used in the bilingual road signs.
As the traditional language of the Gaels , and Scots (the Celts came to Ireland who populated the northwest of the British Isles around the fifth century), Gaelic has an important place in Scottish traditional culture: it is the historical language the bulk of Scotland today.
Nevertheless, it should not be confused with the Scots , a Germanic language, formed from the old English spoken in Northumbria. The Scots also recognized as a regional language of Scotland.
Similarly, if the Scottish Gaelic - or Scottish - is historically linked to the Irish, the two languages began to diverge from the fifth century (the first was enhanced during the Great Invasions by cultural and language exchange intense with the other peoples of the northern island of Britain). In fact, the two languages are now also distanced the French and Italian and the proximity still evident, the speaker of one of these two languages is more likely to hear the other spontaneously.
Summary |
The alphabet has 18 letters Gaelic (it has no consonants j, k, q, v, w, x, z and the vowel y).
Historically, the name of each letter was that of a tree (Ailm - elm, Beith - brit, call - nutty, and so on).
There are several sounds in Gaelic which have no equivalent in French: what are the fricatives (in SAMPA ): / x /, / G /, / \ d /, / C /.
Gaelic uses the bending to distinguish cases of names, and time , modes and channels of verbs.
Gaelic grammar has some notable features:
- The word order is verb-subject-object.
- Gaelic combine pronouns with prepositions to create "conjugated prepositions" as in other Celtic languages. For example, AIG (at) + mi (me)> agam.
- Pronouns exist in two forms: regular pronouns (mi, thu, e, etc..) And emphatic pronouns (bet, Thusis Esan ...).
- As in other Celtic languages (such as the Breton and Welsh ) or Latin , there is no word for. Gaelic expresses possession with a proposal: is something to somebody.
- Finally, Gaelic has many definite articles (which depend on the number, gender, case, and the initial letter of the name), but it ignores the indefinite articles, such as the former Welsh and Breton.
It's just that Scottish French words " whiskey "," slogan "," clan "and" Strontium. "
Placenames Scottish Gaelic
- Aberdeen - Obar Dheathain
- Aviemore - an Aghaidh Mhor
- Ayr - Inbhir Air
- Brechin - Breichin
- Cumbernauld - Cumar nan Allt
- Dingwall - Inbhir Pheofharain
- Dornoch - Dornach
- Dumfries - Dn Phris
- Dunblane - Dn Bhlthain
- Dundee - Dun Dagh
- Dunfermline - Dn Phrlain
- Dunkeld - Dn Chailleann
- Dunottar - Dn Fhothair
- Dumbarton - Dn Breatann
- Edinburgh - Dn ideann
- Elgin - Eilginn
- Forres - Farris
- Fortrose - To Chananaich
- Fort William - An Gearasdan
- Glasgow - Glaschu
- Gleneagles - Gleann Eagas
- Inverness - Inbhir Nis
- Kilmarnock - Cill Mhearnaig
- Lismore - Lios Mr
- Paisley - Pislig
- Perth - Peairt
- Rosemarkie - Ros Maircnidh
- St Andrews - Cill Rmhinn
- Scone - Sgin
- Stirling - Sruighlea
- Stornoway - Sternabhagh
- Whithorn - Taigh Mhrtainn
Examples of words and short phrases in Scottish Gaelic
- Filte "Welcome! "
- Halo "Hi! "
- Ciamar a tha thu? "How are you? "
- Ciamar a tha sibh? "How are you? "
- Tha mi gu math "I'm fine. "
- Tapadh leat "Thank you" (singular)
- Tapadh leibh "Thank you" (plural)
- D an t-ainm a tha ort? "What's your name? "
- D an t-ainm a tha oirbh "What's your name? "
- Is setting ... "I am ... "(My name is ...)
- March leat sin "Goodbye" (singular)
- March leibh sin "Goodbye" (plural)
Numbers in Scottish Gaelic
| Scottish Gaelic | English | French | |
| 1 | aon | one | a / e |
| 2 | da / dither | Two | two |
| 3 | sorting | Three | three |
| 4 | Ceithir | oven | four |
| 5 | Coig | five | five |
| 6 | sia | six | six |
| 7 | Seachd | seven | seven |
| 8 | ochd | eight | eight |
| 9 | Naoi | nine | nine |
| 10 | deich | ten | ten |
| 11 | aon deug | eleven | eleven |
| 12 | d dheug | twelve | twelve |
| 20 | fichead | twenty | twenty |
Number of speakers
- 1901 (pop. earlier. 4,472,103) 202,700 (Gaelic and English) 28 106 (Gaelic only)
- 1951 (pop. earlier. 5096415): 93 269 (Gaelic and English) 2178 (Gaelic only)
- 2001 (pop. earlier. 5062011) 58 652 (Gaelic and English) N / A (Gaelic only)
References
- "News Release - Scotland's Census 2001 - Gaelic Report" from General Registrar for Scotland website, 10 October 2005. Retrieved December 27, 2007
- "Oifis Iomairtean na Gaidhlig
Notes
Related articles
External Links
- Scots Gaelic dictionary French / French-Scottish Gaelic Freelang
- The Clan MacKenzie Society of France.
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