See also: List of centuries , Roman numerals

The ^second century BC. BC starts on January ^1, -200 and ends on December 31 -101.

America

• Development of Teotihuacan in Mexico.
• Monte Alban in Oaxaca ( Mexico ), count to 16 000 inhabitants.
• Civilization Nazca on the southern coast of Peru. It continues the traditions of ceramics and fabrics. Ceramics, painted before cooking, show animals, birds, plants and also human heads and decapitated bodies cut, patterns found on the mysterious Nazca alignments.
• Occupation of Tiahuanaco near Lake Titicaca by the Aymara.

Southeast Asia

* The last wave of emigration unease in Indonesia introduced tools and weapons of iron. The Malays practice navigating from island to island, and mingle with older people (Negritos, Vedder).

• The Indonesian people as a result of interbreeding between the Malays and older people ^Oceania
  • The Marquesas Islands are occupied by settlers Lapita.

  Africa

  • Traces of iron metallurgy in the valley of Niger.
  • Commercialization of the ivory is African.
  • The scribes of Meroe abandon the Egyptian hieroglyphs and the language to invent an alphabet of twenty-three signs and write in their own language, which is unknown to us.

  Hellenistic World

  • In Egypt , Ptolemaic Dynasty
  • Revolts in Egypt.
  • The Greeks of Bactria build a Hellenistic city planned on the former site of Bagram located on the Silk Road , 80 km north of the current Kabul.

  Roman World

  • The Roman Republic extends all around the Mediterranean.
  • The end of this century is marked by the War of the Cimbri

  World Celtic

  • The Arverni unify almost all Gaul but are repressed in the Massif Central in the constitution of the province of Narbonne in Rome -120.
  • ^CenturyIII / II ^century BC. BC: height of hill forts of Provence and Languedoc.
  • Ramparts Glanum ( Saint-Remy-de-Provence ). Under the impetus of Marseille , a beautiful city is developing a native site grouped around a water sanctuary (Delian style houses, temples, monuments nymphaeum high around the miraculous fountain, marble reliefs).
  • Oppidum Heidengraben , near Ulm, the largest in Europe with 1662 ha.
  • The Helvetians settle in Germany and South in Switzerland ( ^first century BC. ).
  • Uniformity of style of Celtic art ⁱⁿ the second century British (cases large shields and swords).

  Eastern Europe

  • The Sarmatians invaded Scythia and Greek colonies of the Black Sea (c. -200 ).
  • The Scythians are then confined to the Crimea around their recent capital of Neapolis and the lower reaches of the Dnieper and Bug. They besieged several times and then take the Greek colony of Olbia.
  • The Scythians s'hellnisent, renounce nomadic life and pursue a profitable trade with the Hellenistic world (wheat, salt fish, salt, meat, wool, hides, furs, but also gold in the Altai and amber Caspian cons objects Luxury and Grand Cru wines).
  • Zaroubintsy civilization in the northern forest steppe of Ukraine (until the third century ).

  Scandinavia

  • Culture Saami in Lapland ( -200 / 1700 ). It takes the bronze and mussels, then iron. The sacrificial sites identified provide many metal objects: coins, brooches, rings and crucifix from Russia , the Baltic and Europe. The remains Saami distinguish themselves by engraved decoration on ceramics, wood, antler and bone. Shamanism is the most common religious practice, and shamans have special burials with ritual objects of their function (drums). The bear is considered sacred and the animal is killed and eaten at a real ceremony. Animal sacrifices take place near trees and strange stones.

  Significant Figures

  • Pharaohs of Egypt :
    • Ptolemy V (Epiphanes) (204 ~ 180)
    • Ptolemy VI (Philometor) (180 ~ 145)
    • Ptolemy VII (Euphator) (145 ~ 144)
    • Ptolemy VIII (Physcon) (145 ~ 116)
    • Ptolemy IX (116 ~ 107)
    • Ptolemy X (107 ~ 88)
  • Hipparchus , astronomer and mathematician.
  • Diodorus of Tyre , peripatetic philosopher.
  • Apollodorus of Athens , a grammarian.

  Inventions, Discoveries, Introductions

  • Probable use of buffalo as draft animals in Southeast Asia (rice).
  • The use of iron spreads to Borneo and Palawan.
  • The practice of agriculture spread very quickly throughout Japan from the West.
  • To -200 , know-how of Japanese potters led to the creation of ceramics with thin walls and smooth.
  • The browser Eudoxus of Cyzicus went twice in India and have toured the Africa , the Persian Gulf to Gades.
  • Invention of the mortar.
  • Introduced the use of parchment.

  Arts & Culture

  • Rosters Nazca : huge canals drawing geometric designs and animal in the desert plains of Peru South.
  • Marble statues erotic nature ( Venus in the toilet, the god Pan and a goat). phbe d'Agde. Reconstruction of the Palestra to Olympia. Construction Bouleuterion of Priene (Council Chambers) at the beginning of the century.
  • The cult of Isis (Goddess Universal) and the Egyptian gods in Greece ( Attica , Euboea , Boeotia , Delos , Thira , Thessaly , Macedonia ) and Asia Minor ( Smyrna , Ephesus , Magnesia on the Meander , Priene ).
  • Graeco-Scythian, who works mainly metals to adorn men and horses. The animal art is evolving more and more to the human figures and scenes from mythology.
  • In Palestine , the development of apocalyptic literature through confrontation with Hellenism (II ^century BC. / ^second century ): the book of Enoch , Daniel , the Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs , the rolls of Dead Sea , the Apocalypse of Abraham ...
  • Portal History
  • Portal of the ancient world

Leave a Reply

Frequently Asked Questions