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1. len.

Vsi ljudje is rodijo Svobodn in imajo enako dostojanstvo in enake pravice. N / z Obdarjeni razumom in vestjo in bi morali drug z drugim ravnati kakor Bratja.

• 1 Writing
• 2 Pronunciation
  • 2.1 Vowels
  • 2.2 Consonants
  • 2.3 Prosody
• 3 Grammar
• 4 Variations
  • 4.1 Appointment
  • 4.2 Accusative
• 5 Conjugation
  • 5.1 presents
    • 5.1.1 General rule
    • 5.1.2 Word biti (to be), irregular
  • 5.2 Progressing
  • 5.3 Future
    • 5.3.1 Word biti (to be)
• 6 Vocabulary
• 7 See also
  • 7.1 Related articles
  • External 7.2 Links

The Slovenian has 29 phonemes : 21 consonants and 8 vowels.

Vowels

Analyses of the old Slovenian concluded that the vowel length plays a role in that language, but more recent studies have rejected this claim for most speakers. The current hypothesis is that stressed vowels are long and short unaccented. All vowels are pronounced or not. However, / e / and / o / unaccented are restricted to a few grammatical words like bo (an auxiliary to indicate the future).

Consonants

The constrictive consonants voiced are dvoises at the end of words unless they are immediately followed by a word beginning with a vowel or a consonant voiced. / / has several allophones depending on the context:

• before a vowel: Prosody

  Slovene uses diacritics to mark what is called the "dynamic accent" and tone. Slovene standard has two varieties: non-tonal and tonal.

  The dynamic accent marks the accent as well as the duration of the vowel. Instead the emphasis is predictable: any long vowel is automatically increased, and words without long vowel, the accent falls on the last syllable. The only exception is schwa , which is still short and can be enhanced without being in the last syllable. Some compound words, but not all, have many accents. Writing in Slovenian, the dynamic focus can be written on all the vowels, as well as r (which is never syllabic in Standard Slovene, but is used for sequences "schwa + r" when it is surrounded by consonants), eg, vrt (garden) is accentuated by VRT.

  The accentuation uses three diacritic dynamics: the acute accent (') (long closed), the caret (^) (long and open) and the grave accent (`) (short and open).
  The accentuation uses four in tonal: the acute accent (') (long and high), the short inverted () or the circumflex (^) (long and low), the grave accent (`) (short and above) and the double grave (``) (short and low), marking the e or o closed with a subscript dot ()

  Grammar

  Main article: Slovene grammar.

  Slovenian Grammar

  Pronunciation Names Verbs Adjectives Numeral Pronouns Punctuation

  One of the special grammar of Slovenian is the use of dual (dvojina), which is exactly two units, in addition to the singular (ednina) and plural (mnoina).

  For example:

  • jabolk o is a potato ;
  • jabolk i represents exactly two apples;
  • jabolk was used from three apples.

  However, the duel is not used for natural pairs: two socks (one pair of socks) said nogavic e (plural) and not (dual). Finally, contrary to the impression given by the expression of "us two" (which often summarizes the duel), this number has no grammatical intrinsic notion of intimacy, as the example shows the socks.

  The Slovenian also has three grammatical genders : the male (mosk spol), the female (Zenska spol) and neutral (Srednji spol), and six cases : the nominative (imenovalnik), the genitive (rodilnik), the dative (dajalnik ), the accusative (toilnik), the rental (mestnik) and instrumental (orodnik).

  Variations

  The names are formed from a root to which we add a suffix that depends on the case , the kind and number.

  Nominative

  	Singular	Duel	Plural
  Male	-	-A	-I
  Women	-A	-I	-E
  Neutral	-O / e	-I	-A

  Examples:

  • "A book "(female):" ena has knjiga ";
  • "Two beers "(neutral):" DVE piv i ";
  • "Three students (male): "TRij tudent i" ("I TRij tudent").

  The numbers are quite complex (eg with "boy" and "daughter"):

  • number one: singular:
    • in child,
    • ne punc;
  • number two: the duel, unless natural pair, in which case the plural and change depending on whether or not the male:
    • DV has a child,
    • e dv i punc;
  • numbers three and four: plural nominative and ending with variation depending on whether or not the male:
    • Sorting I / I child I stir (child i)
    • Sorting / Stir e punc;
  • numbers five and over: genitive plural ending with:
    • ov pet child;
    • punc fart-o.

  Accusative

  The accusative has few differences with the nominative

  	Singular	Duel	Plural
  Male	-	-A	-E
  Women	-O	-I	-E
  Neutral	-O / e	-I	-A

  Example:

  • "Kam sandstone? - Grem v lekarna o "(" Where are you? - I'm going to the pharmacy ").

  Conjugation

  Slovene four times, but only three are used in everyday language: the past (preteklik), the present (sedanjik) and future (prihodnjik). The more-than-perfect is restricted to literature and is not used as the more-than-perfect French.

  Present

  The present is usually formed with the root of the verb to which we add a suffix :

  Generally

  Singular	Duel	Plural
  -M	-Va	-Mo
  -	-Ta	-Te
  -	-Ta	-Jo

  For example:

  • "We eat '(verb Jester)
  • "You buy (verb kupiti)

  Verb biti (to be), irregular

  Singular	Duel	Plural
  wk	sva	smo
  if	sta	ste
  I	sta	n

  Past

  The past is formed with the verb biti (to be) at present to which we add the root of the verb + a suffix that depends on the type and number :

  	Singular	Duel	Plural
  male	-L	It	-Li
  Women	It	-Li	It
  Neutral	-Lo	-Li	It

  For example:

  • "I met (sreati verb, masculine) is
  • "They laughed" (verb smejati, feminine dual) is written

  Future

  The future is shaped the same way as before, but with the verb biti (to be) the future.

  Verb biti (to be)

  Singular	Duel	Plural
  bom	Bova	Bomo
  bos	Bosta	Boste
  bo	Bosta	Bojo / bodo

  For example:

  • "You" (verb IMET, feminine plural) is written
  • "They drink" (piti verb, masculine dual) is written

  Vocabulary

  Word	Translation	Report from Latin etymological
  earth	Zemlja	humus
  sky	nebo	nimbus
  water	voda	unda
  fire	ogenj	ignis
  man	lovek
  Women	Zenska
  Dining	Majesty	eder
  drink	piti	bibere
  great	veliki
  small	majhen
  night	noc	nox
  day	dan	dies

  See also

  in Slovenian.
  Visit in Slovenian.

  Related articles

  • Language
    • language list
      • Languages by family
        • Indo-European
          • group Balto-Slavic
            • Slavic languages
              • South Slavic languages
    • Swadesh list of Slovenian
    • Prekmure

  External Links

  • Travel Guide Guide on Slovenian language of Wikitravel
  • Dictionary slovne-franais/franais-slovne Freelang
  • Dictionary slovne-franais/franais-slovne Dictionaric

  
  

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