Turkish
| Baltic languages | |
|---|---|
| Region | Latvia , Lithuania , historically also in East Prussia and parts of Poland and Belarus |
| Classification by family | |
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-2 | beats |
| ISO 639-5 | beats |
| IETF | beats |
change  | |
The Baltic languages form a branch of the Indo-European , although some linguists still place in the group of languages Balto-Slavic , with Slavic languages.
Summary |
This group is divided into two subgroups:
Only the Lithuanian and Latvian are still spoken today, and the extinct languages, only the old-Prussian is attested by texts.
Phylogenetically , the Baltic more closely akin to Slavic than Germanic languages. Distribution Currently, 4 million people speak Lithuanian (especially in Lithuania ) and 2 million people speak Latvian (especially in Latvia ). These two languages are also divided into dialects descended partly extinct languages. Within the family of Indo-European languages , the Balto-Slavic and Proto-Germanic were part of a continuum. Both dialects have gradually diverged. The Balto-Slavic in turn was split into two, to the ninth century BC. BC , giving the proto-Slavic and Proto-Baltic. This relationship explains the similarities between the group of Slavic languages and the Baltic languages. There are, nowadays, at least 289 words common to both groups. Some linguists believe that these two groups are not, in fact, only one, while others feel they have diverged as to constitute two separate groups. To the fifth century BC. BC , the proto-Baltic was divided to form sub-groups of the East Baltic languages and Baltic languages Western. From the fifth century , a new division has occurred within the two subgroups and has spawned a dozen languages close enough. Baltic languages appear to have retained all of archaic elements of their common ancestor - the proto-Baltic - and the salient features of the Proto-Indo-European. The use of the Baltic languages was long limited to the oral tradition and the Balts themselves have begun to use writing relatively recently. Traces of the old Prussian spoken in East Prussia , were preserved by translations of the sixteenth century and a glossary of German-Prussian written in the fourteenth century, but the language itself has disappeared in the early eighteenth century. With the Christianization and Germanization of Prussia, the Prussian-old disappeared in the late seventeenth century. The first traces of Lithuania dates back to 1547. The first written texts in Latvian appeared in 1585. The other Baltic languages are attested in the chronicles, some anthroponyms and Names, and the traces they have left in the languages that succeeded them in the territory. Of all the Baltic languages sufficiently documented, the Old Prussian is the most conservative given the salient characteristics of Indo-European origin. Writing in the Baltic languages residual spread not really until the mid- nineteenth century , especially as Latvia and Lithuania were not independent states and foreign authorities tried to impose in the written communication language of the colonizer. 
History
See also
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