History 
Green: the Federal Republic of Germany and its federal states on the eve of reunification.
This division resulted from the occupation of Germany after World War II and the Cold War that followed. The Federal Republic of Germany was born of the Constitutional Act of 23 May 1949 adopted May 8 by the previous Parliamentary Council met in Bonn , West Germany, who created from the Trizone (occupation zones American , British and French ).
Article 23 of Basic Law was the Grand Berlin a federal state. Nevertheless, the constitution there was only partially applied unilaterally to West Berlin , where the first elections took place on 3 December 1950. The same article also gave an opportunity for the German Lnder have not been able to participate in the development of that basic law, to be able to join later on an individual basis. This provision specifically targeting areas under Soviet occupation who were deprived of free elections, and formed their side the German Democratic Republic (GDR) on 7 October 1949.
Reconstruction and development of West Germany was supervised by the Western allies in an Allied High Commission.
On 6 March 1951 , revision of tenure allows Germany to re-establish diplomatic relations and thus create an Office of Foreign Affairs (equivalent to a ministry).
West Germany regained its sovereignty in 1952 with the Bonn Convention, which marks the end of its occupation by the Allies.
On 1January 1957 , West Germany will have its first territorial aggrandizement through the integration of the Saarland , which until then was an independent and sovereign state, under French protectorate.
Become a principal member of NATO after its accession in 1955 , the state and the GDR (Member, for its part, the Warsaw Pact ) were one of the crystallization points of confrontation Capitalism / Communism and Democracy / Dictatorship called " Cold War ". However both Germany recognize each other in 1972 and signed the Basic Treaty , becoming members of the UN the same year.
Thanks to the support of the Marshall Plan , designed to help the reconstruction of Europe after the Second World War , the economic growth in West Germany, called Wirtschaftswunder (the "economic miracle"), made it quickly became the third largest economy after the United States and Japan.
Since 3 October 1990 , the German reunification incorporates the German Democratic Republic to the Federal Republic of Germany using the provisions of Article 23 of the Basic Law mentioned above. The country resulting from this unification is then simply called in common parlance " Germany "(the official name of the State remaining" Germany ").
Organization
On the eve of reunification in 1990, West Germany, who was a federal state , consisted of ten Lnder.
The status of West Berlin was in turn subject to special treatment.
Political Life
From the 1960s, West Germany suffers a tripartite system with dominated by three major political tendencies: the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and Christian Social Union (CSU) , the Social Democratic Party (SPD) and the Liberal Democratic Party (FDP).
For twenty years, the FRG has followed the Hallstein Doctrine : it claimed the right to be the only one to represent Germany and broke off diplomatic relations with countries that recognized the GDR. This doctrine was finally abandoned in October 1969 in favor of the Ostpolitik of Chancellor Willy Brandt , who advocated a policy of rapprochement and dtente with the Soviet Union and its allies in the Warsaw Pact.
Code
West Germany has the following code:
List of Chancellors
After the German Reunification :
See also
Related articles
References
- absorption of the GDR by West Germany (FRG)
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